The four main enzymes that are generally tested for their elevated levels are, aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT or AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT) which are together known as transaminases, and alkaline phosphotase (AP) and Gamma- glutamyl Transferase (CGT) together known as cholestatic liver enzymes. These are the few prominent enzymes whose elevations are vital indicators for any liver damage or disease.
The transaminases (AST and ALT) are generally associated with liver injuries or/and any sort of inflammation, which is called hepatocellular liver injury. When the cells get injured or damaged or inflamed, they prominently leak the ALT along with AST into the body's blood stream, indicating elevated levels of those particular enzymes. So, by the deduction of these elevated liver enzymes, detection of damage or liver cell inflammation becomes conducive. But the elevated levels of these enzymes do not always signify liver damage or inflammation.
ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS
Cholestic liver enzymes (AP and GGT) are linked chiefly to the functioning of the bile ducts. When there is any sort of injury to the bile ducts, or they get blocked or if there is an inflammation of the bile ducts, the cholestic liver enzymes leak out into the bloodstream in excess amounts showing elevated levels of these enzymes on testing the blood.
Causes
There are many diseases and disorders that can lead to the elevation of various liver enzymes. The possible causes for the elevated transaminase levels in the blood include a fatty liver, viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, medication or drug induced liver disease, tumors, genetic diseases, herbal toxicity, strenuous exercise, heart failure, etc.
Elevated Liver Enzymes ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS
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